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Exploring the world of Linux

Exploring the world of Linux

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Om Kadam
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Day-1. Hello everyone. I am om kadam. In this blog, we Exploring the world of Linux.

The Linux lecture is taken By alumnus Mr.Pranav Jambre. He works in TCS Company.

Let's see first

**Linux introduction:-**Linux is an open-source operating system. An operating system is a software that directly manages a system's hardware and resources, like CPU,memory, and storage. The OS sites between applications and hardware and makes the connections between all of your software and the physical resources that do the work.

**Operating system:-**Operting system is a program that after being initially loaded into the computer by a boot program, manages all of the other application programs in a computer system.

**History:-**Linux began in 1991 ass a personal project by Finish student Linus Torvalds: to create a new free operating system kernel. The resulting Linux kernal has been marked by constant growth throughout its history.

Benefits of Linux:- 1)Free 2)Open source 3)Reliable 4) Low-level resource support 5)Secure 6)Privacy 7)Perfect for programmers 8)Updates 9)Customization 10)Variety of distribution 11)Better community support

Unix-Linux Evolution:- 1)1969: Unix developed by AT&T 2)1973: Unix rewritten in c 3)1974: Unix released for educational purpose 4)1975-79: 6th and 7th edition 5)1983: System V accepted as standard OS 6)1987: Sco reported record distribution of Xenix 7)1990: UnixWare developed 8)1993: Berkerly stopped further unix development 9)1996: Over 20+ distribution

Linux file Hierarchy:-

1. / (Root):

  • Every single file and directory start from the root directory.

  • The only root user has the right to write under this directory.

2. /bin :

  • Contains binary executables.

  • Common Linux commands you need to use in single-user modes are located under this directory.

    3. /boot :

Boot loader files, e.g., kernels.

4. /dev :

  • These include terminal devices, usb, or any device attached to the system.

  • Example: /dev/tty1, /dev/usbmon0

5. /etc :

  • Contains configuration files required by all programs.

  • This also contains startup and shutdown shell scripts used to start/stop individual programs.

6. /home :

  • Home directories for all users to store their personal files.

  • example: /home/kishlay, /home/kv

7. /lib:

8. /media:

  • Temporary mount directory for removable devices.

  • Examples, /media/cdrom for CD-ROM; /media/floppy for floppy drives; /media/cdrecorder for CD writer

9. /mnt :

Temporarily mounted filesystems.

  • Temporary mount directory where sysadmins can mount filesystems.

10. /opt :

  • Contains add-on applications from individual vendors.

  • Add-on applications should be installed under either /opt/ or /opt/ sub-directory.

Linux architecture:-

Yanking:- Shortcuts, Running command with ":!"

Yanking is use for some basic operations such as copy, paste, cut, insert etc.

Commands :-

  • yy:- It is used to copy the line.

  • dd:- It is used to delete lines.

  • gg:- It is used to go on the last line.

  • cc:- It is used to delete and insert a line in the file.

  • G:- It used to go on the last line.

  • :wq!:- it is used to save and quit.

Redirection:- Error and output.

Following are some commands of Redirection:-

find / -user <username> #It search the directories.
find / -user <username> 2> <errorfile> #It stores the error in file.
find / -user <username> > <output file> #It stores output and display errors.
find / -user <username> &> /dev/null  #The error and output is not save and displayed.
find / -user <username> | tee <filename> #It display output as well as store it.

Modes:- Esc mode, Insert mode, save and exit(wq!), visual mode.

Conclusion:- Our Linux workshop aim to equip beginners with the basic knowledge and skills needed to explore and utilize the Linux operating system.

General Programming#pranavjambare